من طرف tota88 الجمعة 02 أبريل 2010, 08:59Visual
Rehabilitation:
Vision
of 21st Century
According to WHO, around 180 million
people have impaired vision globally.
* 9 million
have no perception of light.
* 171
million have visual acuity ranging from 6/24 to perception of light.
# 120.6 million
(60%) are treatable and 68.4 million (40%) are untreatable.
# Out of
102, 6 million treatable around 4.8 million (5%) may not regain vision of 6/18
or more and will remain in the category of untreatable persons with impaired
vision.
This leaves with more
than 82 million (9+68.4+4+4.
people who cannot benefit from normal surgical
or medical treatment. Conventionally, they were left alone and remained out of
mainstream, which incurred great burden over the society. These are the people
who are now offered services of Visual Rehabilitation. The concept is not new
but it is has been practiced recently under auspices of Comprehensive Eye Care
(CEC) Services.
Rehabilitation
Services includes: low vision Devices, Counseling, Orientation and mobility Training
.CEC provides services to all visually handicapped including those with no
perception of light and this is the "Vision of 21st
Century" to leave no one unattended
irrespective of level of visual acuity.
Rehabilitation:
Rehabilitation covers many different aspects of activity; mobility is one (use
of a white cane or guide dog) and reading aids another aspect including help in
the home with daily tasks and social rehabilitation; ensuring particularly that
elderly visually impaired people may not become isolated. The need for
psychological support must not be forgotten, since loosing one's sight is often
considered a severe disability and much help
can be provided to people who need help to come terns with their loss and get on with their lives.
Sight
Savers International is playing a greet role in highlighting importance of
Rehabilitation activities, especially in developing human resource and infrastructure. It is this NGO who are instrumental in establishing.
In Karachi alone, 3 centers, one each eat at Civil Hospital,
LRBT and AL-Ibrahim
Eye Hospital,
are running through their finance as well technical support.
Who needs low-vision Devices (LVDs)?
Persons
whose vision dose not improve beyond 6/24 after treatment and / or refractive
correction or with a visual field less than 10 will benefit from LVDs
assessment material and equipment are
available for patients at above mentioned centers. Low vision Services at
secondary level is an add-on" service where eye care is already available,
for which additional"
Training, equipment and a supply of low
–vision Devices are needed.
Types of
low –Vision Devices:
Optic
Devices: Optical devices consist of one or more lenses, placed
between the eye and the object to be, which increases the size of the image of
the object on the retina.
Magnifiers:
Magnifiers can be handheld, hanging, stand, illuminated, in the form of
spectacles or bar, and dome shaped. This type of LVD is usually used for near
activity.
Telescope:
for the people with low vision, telescopes with magnification powers from 2x to
10x can be prescribed. These are longer distances. Type of telescope includes handled,
clip-on, spectacle mounted and biopic designs.
Glare
Control Device:
As glare
may be a significant disabling factor in many eye conditions, tinted lenses are
routinely prescribed along with 'cap' hats and visors. Absorptive filters are
anti glare lenses.
Non
Optical Devices:
No optical devices are items designed to
promote independent living of persons with low vision. They alter environmental
perception through enhancing illumination, contrast and spatial relationship. A
useful slogan to remember the key to non –optical devices is : "Bigger, Bolder, Brighter" These
devices such as lamps and reading stands check registers, writing guides, bold-lined
papers, needle threaders, magnifying mirrors, light contrast watches and large
print material such as books.
To provide
advice on non optical device, there should be a range of options available for
demonstrating and training the client in their use. It is the duty of the low
vision counselor to train them.
Electronic
Devices: for the people with severe visual loss electronic devices
are an option. There are two types, optical devices, which display the objet in
a magnified form over a televisions monitor, and non-optical electronic devices,
which speak out the given text above.
Closed
Circuit Television:
Electronic
optical devices that make use of a zoom camera to magnify object on to a
television screen are called CCTV, The advantage of a CCTV is in its greater amplitude of
magnification of 3x to 100x normal
working distance and reversed polarity (e.g.: white on black). Cost and
size of the system are the main disadvantages that make it quite immovable.
Training
and Counseling:
As low vision patients have residual
vision, they need special attention, training and counseling to understand the
use of objects and there benefits. Only small amount of information by low
vision trainer can be delivered as how to get functional efficiently. Visual
functioning plays a very significant role in promoting independent living in
people with low vision.
Being an
important factor, low vision counseling is delivered only at our hospital which
is by a trained lady low vision counselor.
There are
tow types of training:
Effective
use of residual vision: by teaching the client visual skills as eccentric
viewing tracking, scanning and pursuit movements.
Use
of prescribed devices: especially telescopes magnifiers.
The final advice and prescription need to confirm to the client's needs, and
should be culturally applicable, affordable and accessible.
Rehabilitation:
Vision
of 21st Century
According to WHO, around 180 million
people have impaired vision globally.
* 9 million
have no perception of light.
* 171
million have visual acuity ranging from 6/24 to perception of light.
# 120.6 million
(60%) are treatable and 68.4 million (40%) are untreatable.
# Out of
102, 6 million treatable around 4.8 million (5%) may not regain vision of 6/18
or more and will remain in the category of untreatable persons with impaired
vision.
This leaves with more
than 82 million (9+68.4+4+4.
people who cannot benefit from normal surgicalor medical treatment. Conventionally, they were left alone and remained out of
mainstream, which incurred great burden over the society. These are the people
who are now offered services of Visual Rehabilitation. The concept is not new
but it is has been practiced recently under auspices of Comprehensive Eye Care
(CEC) Services.
Rehabilitation
Services includes: low vision Devices, Counseling, Orientation and mobility Training
.CEC provides services to all visually handicapped including those with no
perception of light and this is the "Vision of 21st
Century" to leave no one unattended
irrespective of level of visual acuity.
Rehabilitation:
Rehabilitation covers many different aspects of activity; mobility is one (use
of a white cane or guide dog) and reading aids another aspect including help in
the home with daily tasks and social rehabilitation; ensuring particularly that
elderly visually impaired people may not become isolated. The need for
psychological support must not be forgotten, since loosing one's sight is often
considered a severe disability and much help
can be provided to people who need help to come terns with their loss and get on with their lives.
Sight
Savers International is playing a greet role in highlighting importance of
Rehabilitation activities, especially in developing human resource and infrastructure. It is this NGO who are instrumental in establishing.
In Karachi alone, 3 centers, one each eat at Civil Hospital,
LRBT and AL-Ibrahim
Eye Hospital,
are running through their finance as well technical support.
Who needs low-vision Devices (LVDs)?
Persons
whose vision dose not improve beyond 6/24 after treatment and / or refractive
correction or with a visual field less than 10 will benefit from LVDs
assessment material and equipment are
available for patients at above mentioned centers. Low vision Services at
secondary level is an add-on" service where eye care is already available,
for which additional"
Training, equipment and a supply of low
–vision Devices are needed.
Types of
low –Vision Devices:
Optic
Devices: Optical devices consist of one or more lenses, placed
between the eye and the object to be, which increases the size of the image of
the object on the retina.
Magnifiers:
Magnifiers can be handheld, hanging, stand, illuminated, in the form of
spectacles or bar, and dome shaped. This type of LVD is usually used for near
activity.
Telescope:
for the people with low vision, telescopes with magnification powers from 2x to
10x can be prescribed. These are longer distances. Type of telescope includes handled,
clip-on, spectacle mounted and biopic designs.
Glare
Control Device:
As glare
may be a significant disabling factor in many eye conditions, tinted lenses are
routinely prescribed along with 'cap' hats and visors. Absorptive filters are
anti glare lenses.
Non
Optical Devices:
No optical devices are items designed to
promote independent living of persons with low vision. They alter environmental
perception through enhancing illumination, contrast and spatial relationship. A
useful slogan to remember the key to non –optical devices is : "Bigger, Bolder, Brighter" These
devices such as lamps and reading stands check registers, writing guides, bold-lined
papers, needle threaders, magnifying mirrors, light contrast watches and large
print material such as books.
To provide
advice on non optical device, there should be a range of options available for
demonstrating and training the client in their use. It is the duty of the low
vision counselor to train them.
Electronic
Devices: for the people with severe visual loss electronic devices
are an option. There are two types, optical devices, which display the objet in
a magnified form over a televisions monitor, and non-optical electronic devices,
which speak out the given text above.
Closed
Circuit Television:
Electronic
optical devices that make use of a zoom camera to magnify object on to a
television screen are called CCTV, The advantage of a CCTV is in its greater amplitude of
magnification of 3x to 100x normal
working distance and reversed polarity (e.g.: white on black). Cost and
size of the system are the main disadvantages that make it quite immovable.
Training
and Counseling:
As low vision patients have residual
vision, they need special attention, training and counseling to understand the
use of objects and there benefits. Only small amount of information by low
vision trainer can be delivered as how to get functional efficiently. Visual
functioning plays a very significant role in promoting independent living in
people with low vision.
Being an
important factor, low vision counseling is delivered only at our hospital which
is by a trained lady low vision counselor.
There are
tow types of training:
Effective
use of residual vision: by teaching the client visual skills as eccentric
viewing tracking, scanning and pursuit movements.
Use
of prescribed devices: especially telescopes magnifiers.
The final advice and prescription need to confirm to the client's needs, and
should be culturally applicable, affordable and accessible.